LcProt: Proteomics Longitudinal Cohort Study on Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Signing of the informed consent form; 2. Male or female, aged 18-75 years; 3. Patients with lung nodules confirmed by CT examination; 4. Good preoperative pulmonary function cooperation and complete reporting; 5. Preoperative chest single/dual phase CT scans without significant artefacts and with complete imaging; 6. The interval between preoperative pulmonary function and single/dual phase CT scans does not exceed one month. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Poor preoperative pulmonary function cooperation or missing reports; 2. Preoperative chest single/dual phase CT scans exhibit significant artefacts or image omission; 3. The interval between preoperative pulmonary function and single/dual phase CT scans exceeds one month; 4. Complication with severe respiratory disorders (such as lung transplantation, pneumothorax, giant bullae, etc.); 5. Coexisting with other severe functional impairments; 6. Patients with obstructive lesions such as airway or esophageal stenosis; (8) Medication use before pulmonary function testing that does not meet the cessation guidelines; (9) Pulmonary function report quality graded D-F.